Effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium on tibial partial osteotomy model of fracture healing in hypothyroidism rats

Background: Hypothyroidism is associated with dysfunction of the bone turnover with reduced osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption. Mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs] secrete various factors and cytokines that may stimulate bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of MSCs-conditioned medium [CM] in hypothyroidism male rats after inducing bone defect

Methods: In this study, 24 male rats were randomly assigned to three groups: [I] hypothyroidism + bone defect [HYPO], [II] hypothyroidism + bone defect + CM [HYPO + CM], and [III] no hypothyroidism + bone defect [control]. Four weeks after surgery, the right tibia was removed, and immediately, biomechanical and histological examinations were performed

Results: The results showed a significant reduction in bending stiffness [32.64 +/- 3.99], maximum force [14.63 +/- 1.89], high stress load [7.59 +/- 2.31], and energy absorption [12.68 +/- 2.12] at the osteotomy site in hypothyroidism rats in comparison to the control and hypothyroidism + condition medium groups [p < 0.05]. There was also a significant decrease in the trabecular bone volume [3.86 +/- 3.88] and the number of osteocytes [5800 +/- 859.8] at the osteotomy site in hypothyroidism rats compared to the control and hypothyroidism + condition medium groups [p < 0.01 and p < 0.02, respectively]

Conclusion: The present study suggests that the use of the CM can improve the fracture regeneration and accelerates bone healing at the osteotomy site in hypothyroidism rats

Expression of glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta [GSK3-beta] gene in azoospermic men

The Wnt/beta- The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway is involved in many developmental processes in both fetal and adult life; its abnormalities can lead to disorders including several types of cancers and malfunction of specific cells and tissues in both animals and humans. Its role in reproductive processes has been proven. This study was designed to evaluate the expression of the key regulator of this signaling pathway GSK3-beta and its presumed role in azoospermia. WNT3[a] protein concentration and GSK3-beta gene expression levels were measured and compared between two groups of infertile men. The test groups consisted of 10 patients with obstructive and 10 non-obstructive azoospermia. The control group was selected among healthy men after vasectomies that were willing to conceive a child using a testicular biopsy technique. Samples were obtained by testicular biopsy and screened for the most common mutations [84, 86 and 255] in the SRY region before analyzing. GSK3-beta gene expression was assessed quantitatively by real time-PCR. The WNT3[a] protein concentration had no significant difference between the two test groups and controls. Expression of GSK3-beta was down-regulated in non-obstructive azoospermia [3.10 +/- 0.19] compared with normal [7.12 +/- 0.39] and obstructive azoospermia [6.32 +/- 0.42] groups [p=0.001]. Down-regulation of GSK-3beta may cause to non-obstructive azoospermia. Regulation and modification of GSK-3beta gene expression by drugs could be used as a therapeutic solution

Association between increased expression of endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthase in the human fallopian tube and tubal ectopic pregnancy

Tubal ectopic pregnancy [tEP] is the most common type of extra-uterine pregnancy and the most common cause of maternal mortality. Nitric oxide [NO] is a molecule that incorporates in many physiological processes of female reproductive system. Recent studies have demonstrated the possible role of endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthase [eNOS] enzyme in the regulation of many reproductive events that occur in the fallopian tube [FT]. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of eNOS in the FTs of women with tEP. In this case-control study, a total number of 30FTs samples were obtained from three groups including: 10 FTs of women that bearing an EP, 10 FTs from the non-pregnant women at luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, and 10 FTs of healthy pregnant women [n=10]. Samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and then were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Localization of eNOS was seen in secretory and ciliated luminal epithelium and vascular endothelium of all groups. However, we did not observed the expression of eNOS in smooth muscle cells of all groups. Expression of eNOS in luminal epithelium of women with EP compared to non-pregnant women at luteal phase of menstrual cycle and healthy pregnant group showed statistically significant increase [p=0.00]. Significant difference in expression of eNOS was not observed in luminal epithelium of FTs of women at luteal phase compared to healthy pregnant groups [p=0.78]. This study indicates that changes in expression of eNOS in luminal epithelium of FT may lead to development of EP.

Aloe vera gel and thyroid hormone cream may improve wound healing in Wistar rats / 대한해부학회지

Therapeutic effects of various treatment options in wound healing have been one of the most controversial issues in surgical science. The present study was carried out to examine and compare the effects of Aloe vera gel, thyroid hormone cream and silver sulfadiazine cream onsutured incisions in Wistar rats. In a randomized controlled trial, thirty-six Wistar male rats, 250 to 300 g, received surgical incisions followed by topical application of Aloe vera gel, thyroid hormone cream and silver sulfadiazine 1%. To assess the efficacy of each treatment technique, a histological approach was used to evaluate the mean number of fibroblasts, macrophages, neutrophils, blood vessel sections and thickness of the regenerating epithelium and dermis on days 4, 7 and 14. Re-epithelialization and angiogenesis were significantly improved in Aloe vera gel group compared with the other treatments while thyroid hormone cream had positive effects on day 4 (P< or =0.05). Topical administration of Aloe vera gel is recommended as the treatment of choice for surgical incisions.

A comparative study of the effects of topical application of Aloe vera, thyroid hormone and silver sulfadiazine on skin wounds in Wistar rats / 한국실험동물학회지

Many research studies report the healing effects of Aloe Vera, thyroid hormone cream and silver sulfadiazine. However, the effects of these therapeutic agents are not well understood and have not been compared in one study. This study aimed at investigating the effects of topical application of an Aloe vera gel, a thyroid hormone cream and a silver sulfadiazine cream on the healing of skin wounds surgically induced in Wistar rats for determining the treatment of choice. In a randomized controlled trial, twelve male rats, aged 120 days and with a mean weight of 250 to 300 g, were divided randomly into 5 groups based on drug treatments: Aloe vera gel (AV), thyroid hormone cream (TC), silver sulfadiazine 1% (S), vehicle (V) and control. To evaluate the efficacy of each treatment technique, a biomechanical approach was used to assess tensile stress after 14 days of treatment. Tensile stress was significantly improved in the Aloe vera gel group as compared with the other four groups (P< or =0.05). While the other treatment options resulted in better healing than the control group, this difference was not significant. We conclude that Aloe vera topical application accelerated the healing process more than thyroid hormone, silver sulfadiazine and vehicle in surgically induced incisions in rats.